Biochemical detection and live imaging based on nano-luminescent materials have many advantages, such as high sensitivity, high selectivity, high stability, high resolution, low background interference, low toxicity, etc. Commonly used nanoluminescent materials include quantum dots (QDs), persistent luminescent nanoparticles (PLNPs), conjugated polymer nanoparticles (CPNs), plasmonic gold nanostructures, etc. These nanoluminescent materials can regulate their size, shape, composition, fluorescence properties, and biocompatibility through different synthetic methods and surface modification methods to accommodate different application requirements. These nanoluminescent materials can be combined with other functional molecules or nanomaterials to form multifunctional nanocomposites for multimodal detection or imaging, such as fluorescence, magnetic resonance, photosound, etc. These nanoluminescent materials can also be combined with drugs or therapeutic factors to form a therapeutic and diagnostic integration, and realize the diagnosis and treatment of tumors and other diseases.

Properties, persistent luminescence mechanisms, and synthetic methods of persistent luminescent nanoparticles (PLNPs), and applications in chemical / biosensing, bioimaging, and imaging-guided therapy. PLNPs have the characteristics of efficiently eliminating biological tissue autofluorescence interference and luminous emission, and are a promising class of luminescent materials. The literature also discusses the application of novel organic and polymeric PLNPs for in vivo optical imaging.

The latest development of conjugated polymer nanoparticles (CPNs) in the biomedical field highlights the application of CPNs in biosensing, imaging and therapeutic diagnostics. CPNs are based on π -extended conjugated polymers, with high fluorescence brightness, low cytotoxicity, excellent photostability, reactive oxygen species generation capacity, and high photothermal conversion efficiency, making them an excellent therapeutic diagnostic tool. Moreover, CPNs use their unique light collection and energy transfer properties and can form intelligent functional nanocomposites with other nanomaterials to improve their properties.

The application of plasmonic gold nanostructures in biosensing and biological imaging, including surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), surface plasmon resonance (SPR), gold nanorods (GNRs), gold nanosars (GNSs), etc. Plasmonic gold nanostructures have the advantages of high sensitivity, selectivity, stability and high resolution and can be used for the detection of various biomolecular and cellular markers. Meanwhile, plasma gold nanostructures can also be used for live imaging due to their characteristics of water solubility, biocompatibility, resistance to photobleaching and blinking.

Reference Documentation:

[1]Recent Advances of Persistent Luminescence Nanoparticles in Bioapplications

[2]Conjugated polymer nanoparticles and their nanohybrids as smart photoluminescent and photoresponsive material for biosensing, imaging, and theranostics.

[3]Plasmonic gold nanostructures for biosensing and bioimaging.