The application of ionic liquid-based gel in drug delivery is a new strategy that uses ionic liquids, ILs) as the main component of gels to realize the payload, protection, and release of drugs by regulating the composition, structure, and function of ionic liquid. Ionic liquid is a kind of organic salts, with the characteristics of low melting point, high solubility, low volatility, high stability, and has been widely used in chemistry, energy, environment and other fields. Ionic liquid-based gel is a semi-solid material with a three-dimensional network structure, highly biocompatible, tunable and functional, and can be used to treat a variety of diseases, such as cancer, inflammation, infection, skin diseases, etc. The application of ionic liquid-based gel in drug delivery can improve drug targeting and bioavailability, reduce toxic side effects, and enhance therapeutic efficacy.